Adverse Medical Events/Critical Incidents

When the Caregiver Becomes the Second Victim

An adverse medical event or critical incident can deeply affect not only patients and their families, but also the healthcare providers involved. These moments like unexpected outcomes, near misses, or tragic errors can trigger a cascade of emotional, psychological, and even physical responses for those who were simply trying to help. These healthcare professionals are often referred to as “second victims.” The term ‘second victim’ refers to a healthcare provider who is emotionally or physically impacted after being involved in a patient-related adverse event.

Second victims may experience guilt, fear, shame, self-doubt, isolation, or even symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Without proper support, these reactions can lead to burnout, job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, and in extreme cases, career loss or suicide.

CRNAs/nurse anesthesiologists may encounter high-stakes situations where the emotional toll is significant. Recent studies in the AANA Journal found that nearly 9 in 10 CRNAs/nurse anesthesiologists believe peer support and professional debriefing should be standard practice following adverse events.

Recognizing the importance of a supportive culture, AANA is committed to raising awareness about the second victim experience and connecting CRNAs/nurse anesthesiologists with meaningful resources.

Explore evidence-informed strategies, learn about successful support models, and find pathways to healing.