• Home
• About Us
  • Who We Are
  • AANA Board of Directors
  • Committees
    • Bylaws Committee
    • Communications Committee
    • Continuing Education Committee
    • CRNA-PAC Committee
    • Diversity and Inclusion Committee
    • Education Committee
    • Finance Committee
    • Government Relations Committee
    • Health and Wellness Committee
    • Journal Editorial Committee
    • Nominating Committee
    • Peer Assistance Advisors Committee
    • Practice Committee
    • Professional Development Committee
    • Resolutions Committee
    • State Organizational Development Committee
    • Committee Membership Information for CRNAs
    • Committee Membership Information for Students
  • AANA Staff Directors
  • Cultural Assessment
  • Corporate Opportunities
  • AANA Affiliates
    • Council on Accreditation
    • COA For Members
  • AANA Foundation
    • About the Foundation
    • Ways to Give to the AANA Foundation
      • Silent Auction
      • Triple Crown
    • RISE Above
    • Foundation Applications
    • Applications and Program Information
      • Award Winners
      • General Research Grant Application
      • Open Submission Research Grant Applications
      • Fellowship Application
      • Poster Session Application
      • Student Scholarship Application
    • Advocates
      • Tips and Ideas
    • Health Policy Research
      • Intro to Health Services Research
    • Publications
    • About Us
    • Discoveries of Distinction
    • Student Page
      • Student Advocates
      • Past Student Advocates
    • Impact and Accomplishments
    • Our Supporters
      • Friends for Life
      • Gertrude Fife Society
    • Events
  • AANA Diversity and Inclusion
    • I Am Me 2019
    • How Harlem Hospital School of Nurse Anesthesia was Born
  • AANA Archives-Library
    • CRNA Profiles
    • Historical Resources
    • AANA Former Presidents
    • Our History
  • AANA Careers
    • Employee Benefits
    • Staff Committees
  • Proposed AANA Name Change - Member Information
• Governance
  • Governance
    • Agendas
    • Annual Business Meeting Information
    • AANA Policies and Guidelines
    • Governance Videos
  • Board Meeting Minutes
  • Election Center
    • AANA 2019 Election Slate Announced
    • AANA Board of Directors Election Information
    • Candidate Videos
  • Governance Documents: Bylaws and Standing Rules; Resolutions; Strategic Plans
    • How to propose an amendment to the AANA Bylaws or Standing Rules
  • AANA Surveys
  • Annual Reports
• Advocacy & Policy
  • Federal Government Affairs
    • Medicare Agency Rules in Favor of Patient Access to CRNA Care
    • Medicare CoPs and Interpretive Guidelines
    • Comment Letters
    • Veterans and Anesthesia Care
    • Member Resources
      • CoP and Interpretive Guidelines
      • CRNA Advocacy and CRNA-PAC
      • Hotline
      • Medical Direction vs. Medicare Part A Supervision
      • State Reimbursement Specialist
  • CRNA-PAC
  • Quality Reimbursement
    • Medicare Access & CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA)
    • 2019 Quality Payment Program
      • 2019 MIPS/APMs
      • 2019 Improvement Activities FAQs
      • 2019 Quality FAQs
    • 2018 Quality Payment Program
      • 2017 MIPS
        • MACRA Quality Payment Program
        • QCDR Infographics
    • QCDR and Registry Reporting FAQs
    • CMS Quality Public Reporting
    • Quality-Reimbursement Announcements
    • Quality Resources
  • State Government Affairs
    • SGA Member Resources
      • State Update
      • Contact Information for State Legislators
      • State Advocacy Videos
      • Anesthesiologist Assistants
        • AANA Position on AAs
        • AANA Position on CRNAs Teaching AA Students in the Clinical Setting
      • Anesthesia: Practice of Nursing and Practice of Medicine
    • State Legislative and Regulatory Requirements
    • Federal Supervision Rule/Opt-Out Information
      • Fact Sheet Concerning State Opt-Outs
    • Anesthesia: Practice of Nursing and Practice of Medicine
    • Award for Excellence in State Government Relations Advocacy
    • Company Model of Anesthesia Care Delivery
  • Research
    • Research Topics and Articles
    • Research Surveys, Services and Assistance
    • External Opportunities and Research News
    • AANA Foundation Funding Opportunities
    • Research Resources
      • Hot Research Topics
      • Research Abstract Repository
      • Health Services Research Webinar Series
      • Research Dataset Resources
• Contact Us
• CE & Education
  • <i>AANA Learn</i>
  • CE Transcripts
  • CE Portal
  • AANA CE Applications
    • Prior Approval Application
    • Non-Prior Approval Applications
  • Pain Management
    • Advanced Pain Management Fellowship Program
    • Acute Surgical Pain Management Fellowship
  • CPC Resources - Class A & B Credits
  • CE Calendar of Events
  • Education
    • Education Opportunities for Educators
    • Education Opportunities for Students
  • Program Admin Portal
• Donate
• AANA Insurance
  • Get Malpractice Quote
  • Malpractice Insurance
    • Malpractice Resource Center
      • Understanding CRNA Malpractice Insurance 101
    • Resource Center
      • Understanding CRNA Malpractice Insurance for Members
      • Insurance FAQs
      • Glossaries
      • Risk Management and Patient Safety
      • AANA Insurance Services NewsBulletin Articles
      • Program Director Malpractice Insurance Toolkit
    • Employed CRNA Toolkit
    • Contact Us
    • Will Your Assets Be Protected?
    • Malpractice Insurance in the News
    • Learn About Us
    • Policy Options
    • Additional Coverage Benefits
  • Group Life and Disability
  • Medical Insurance Offerings
  • Association Health Plans
  • Auto, Home and More
• Meetings
  • Assembly of Didactic and Clinical Educators
  • Mid-Year Assembly
  • AANA 2019 Annual Congress
  • AANA Leadership Summit
  • AANA Meetings App
  • Call for Abstracts
  • CE Evaluations
  • Future Meeting and Workshop Dates
• Member Resources
  • Membership Benefits
    • Membership Automatic Renewal Policy
    • Membership Categories and Privileges
  • Member Advantage Program
  • CRNA Careers
  • Students
    • Student Membership
    • Opportunities for Students
    • International Student Journal of Nurse Anesthesia
    • Anesthesia College Bowl
    • Candidates for Student Representative to the AANA Education Committee
    • Student Wellness
    • Informational Videos for SRNAs
  • Become A CRNA
    • Education of Nurse Anesthetists in the U.S.
    • The Nurse Anesthesia Educational Program Interview Process
    • Qualifications and Capabilities of the CRNA
    • Why I Became a CRNA
  • National CRNA Week
    • Promotional Ideas and Events
    • CRNA Week Social Media Toolkit
    • The Evolution of National Nurse Anesthetists Week
    • In the News
  • Recognition Awards
    • AANA Awards
    • PR Recognition Awards Guidelines
    • Public Relations Recognition Awards-2018 Entries
  • In Service of Our Country
    • Celebrating Veterans and Their Service on Veterans Day
    • A Tranquil Place of Honor
    • Vietnam Voices
      • Voices of Vietnam: Ernest Ayo Photos
    • War Stories
    • War Stories News
    • Deployed CRNAs
  • In Memoriam
  • Member Communications
    • AANA FAQs about ASA Anesthesia Care Team Statement
  • Renew Membership
  • CRNA Fact Sheet
  • Public Relations
    • PR Tools and Resources
    • Public Education Campaign
    • PR Toolkit
    • Power of the Pen News Releases
    • PR Tools: National CRNA Week
    • PR Tools: Message Documents and Fact Sheets
    • PR Tools: Educational Opportunities, Activities and Events
    • PR Tools: News and Social Media
    • Social Media for National CRNA Week
    • Media Alerts
    • Spokesperson Training for State Association Leaders
    • Student Mentoring Program
    • PowerPoint Presentations
    • Public Relations Posters
    • AANA Communications Committee Recognizes MYA Student Mentoring Program Participants
    • Members Gather to Hear the State of the Association at the Annual Business Meeting
  • National Nurses Week
  • Volunteer Opportunities
• Patients
  • All About Anesthesia
    • Before Anesthesia
    • After Anesthesia
    • Anesthetic Awareness
      • Anesthetic Awareness Fact Sheet
    • Anesthesia Options for Labor and Delivery
    • Questions You Should Ask
  • The Parent's Role
    • Is Your Child at Risk from Sleep-Disordered Breathing?
    • Sweet Dreams at the Hospital Coloring and Activity Book
  • Be Healthy: Stop Smoking
  • Herbal Products and Your Anesthesia
  • Time to Talk about CAM
  • AANA Warns Viagra Users of Potential Risks During Surgery
  • Anesthesia Risks of Tattoos and Pierced Tongues: More Than Skin Deep
  • Holiday Surgery Tips
  • MRI: What You Need to Know
  • Office-Based Anesthesia
  • Pre-Anesthesia Questionnaire
  • Does Anesthesia Affect a New Mom’s Ability to Breastfeed?
  • Opioid Addiction Help Fact Sheet
• Practice
  • Practice Management
    • Business of Anesthesia
    • Employment Resources
    • Pain Management
    • AANA Member Business Resources
    • AANA Business Resources
    • Surgeon Liability
    • Protecting Your Practice: Compliance and Enforcement for CRNAs
  • Health and Wellness/Peer Assistance
    • About Health & Wellness
      • Emotional and Mental Well-Being
        • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
        • Adverse Medical Events/Critical Incidents - How to Cope
        • Stress, Burnout and Nurse Anesthesia Professionals
      • Physical Well-Being
      • Wellness Milestones
      • Wellness and Substance Use Disorder Education and Research
        • Research and Published Resources on Anesthesia Professionals' Health, Wellness, and Addictions
        • Wellness and Substance Use Disorder Curriculum
          • NIH YouTube Channel
        • Jan Stewart Memorial Wellness Lecture Series
          • Jan Stewart In Memoriam
      • Wellness in the Workplace
    • About AANA Peer Assistance
      • Getting Peer Assistance Help for Yourself and Others
      • Treatment Recommendations for Anesthesia Professionals
      • AANA Approved Treatment Programs
      • Meet the Peer Assistance Advisors
      • History of AANA Peer Assistance
        • Art Zwerling - In Memorium
      • Substance Use Disorder
      • Peer Assistance News
      • Information about State Peer Advisors
      • State Peer Advisors' Toolkit
        • SPA Orientation Requirements
      • Substance Use Disorder Workplace Resources
        • Signs and Behavior of Impaired Colleagues
        • Safe Intervention E-ssentials
        • Re-entry Recommendations and Resources
        • Anesthetists in Recovery (AIR)
      • Faculty and Students: Substance Use Resources
  • Facility Accreditation
    • Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health Care
    • Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program
    • American Association for Accreditation of Ambulatory Surgery Facilities
    • Center for Improvement in Healthcare Quality
    • DNV GL Healthcare
    • The Joint Commission
  • Professional Practice Manual
    • Open Comments
  • Clinical Practice Resources
    • Code of Ethics for the CRNA
    • Dental Anesthesia Resources
    • Enhanced Recovery after Surgery
      • Enhanced Recovery Shared Interest Group
      • CRNAs Contribute to ERAS Solutions
      • Role of ERAS Coordinator
      • ER SIG Live from ASER
    • Infection Prevention and Control Resources
      • Enhancing Education and Training on Infection Control for U.S. Nurses
    • Ketamine Infusion Therapy
    • Malignant Hyperthermia
    • Obstetric Clinical Resources
    • Obstructive Sleep Apnea Resources
    • Opioid Crisis Resources
      • CRNAs and Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT)
      • Opioid Crisis Data
      • Opioid Safety Resources
      • Managing Chronic Pain
      • Opioid Comment Letters
      • Prescription Medicine Disposal
      • Opioid Safety and Advocacy State Toolkit
    • Sugammadex
    • Surgical Fires
  • Evidence-Based Practice
    • Step 1 - Ask A Clinical Question
    • Step 2 - Obtain the Best Research Literature
    • Step 3 - Critically Appraise the Evidence
    • Step 4 - Integrate the Evidence
    • Step 5 - Evaluate the Outcomes
  • U.S. Food and Drug Administration
    • U.S. Food and Drug Administration Alerts
    • IV Saline Solution
    • Street Drug Alternative Warning
  • State Law and Practice
    • Negotiation and Dispute Resolution Resources
    • Medicare Agency Rules in Favor of Patient Access to CRNA Care
    • Safe Injection Practices and Criminalization of Reuse
    • Office Surgery and Anesthesia
    • Working with Podiatrists or Dentists
  • Full Scope of Practice Competency Task Force
• News
  • Press Releases
    • AANA Public Relations
    • About the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
  • Hot Topics
    • VA Full Practice Authority News
    • Opioid Crisis News
    • Important Nurse Anesthesia Studies
  • CRNA News Coverage
  • Anesthesia News Roundup
  • Current Events and Natural Disaster Preparedness
    • Tornado Resources
• Publications
  • AANA Journal - Print & Online
    • Past Issues: 2019 - 2011
    • Past Issues: 2010 - 2000
    • Legal Briefs
    • AANA Journal Indexes
    • Journal Search
    • AANA Journal Online Content Archive
  • Anesthesia E-ssential
    • CRNA Spotlight on Ketamine
  • AANA NewsBulletin
    • AANA News Bulletin Search
  • APSF Newsletter
  • Advertising Opportunities
  • Building Brydges
  • AANA Books
  • Newsroom
• Search
• Site Map
• States
  • State Association Advocacy Resources
    • Public Relations & Communications Resources
      • Utilizing Social Media for State Grassroots Advocacy
    • Webinars
    • Government Affairs Manual
      • Appendices
    • AANA Tracking Service
    • FTC and State Healthcare
    • Consensus Model for APRN Regulation
    • Nursing Interstate Licensure Compacts
    • Tort Reform
  • State Management Affairs
    • State Organizational Health
  • State Associations
  • State Health and Wellness Resources
    • State Health and Wellness Exhibit Toolkit
    • CRNA Wellness and Substance Use Disorder Speakers
  • Toolkits for State Leaders
  • State Membership Statistics
  • Webinars for State Leaders
• Store
  • AANA Books
    • Book Details
    • Additional Books
    • Resource for Nurse Anesthesia Educators Second Edition
  • We Are There & More
• Testimonials
• VA Full Practice Authority News
• Why I Became a CRNA Table of Contents
• AANA Privacy Policy
• AANA TheDO Example
  • Training
  • Profession
  • Advocacy